唐三彩陶寳相花紋盤
白、褐（琥珀）與綠釉組成的三彩（即“三色”）陶器，起源於7世紀末的中國。此類陶器以鮮艷的色彩、清澈的色調以及優異的釉面附著力著稱，其製作工藝包括兩次燒製：第一次在高溫下燒成堅硬的陶胎，第二次在低溫燒製釉層以展現繽紛的色彩。
這件寳相花紋盤的造型與中心裝飾來源於金屬器物的設計原型。盤面上的花卉紋樣以深刻的浮雕線條呈現，這些線條是在陶泥仍柔軟時使用印模壓印而成，既增添了紋飾的立體感，也有助於固定釉料的分佈。此外，盤緣的珍珠狀白點是利用蠟或陶泥遮擋技法製成，此技法在染織工藝中也十分常見。
唐代（618–907）8世紀
中國 三彩釉陶（陶胎，表面施三彩釉）
尺寸：高 7 公分；直徑 29.8 公分
分類：陶瓷
收藏來源：Charlotte C. 與 John C. Weber 捐贈，1994
館藏編號：1994.605.47
來源
Charlotte C. 與 John C. Weber，紐約（至1994年捐贈給大都會藝術博物館）
展覽紀錄
紐約，大都會藝術博物館，《中國古代藝術》，2005年
Miho美術館，《紐約客眼中的美之世界：John C. Weber收藏》，2015年9月15日至12月13日
參考文獻Miho美術館，《紐約客眼中的美之世界：John C. Weber收藏》（展覽圖錄），[甲賀]：Miho Museum，2015年，第70–71、79頁。
唐代三彩托盤常見問題解答
什麼是三彩？
三彩，意為「三種顏色」，是中國陶器的一種，主要用於隨葬器物。它以白、琥珀色和綠色釉為特色，但不僅限這三種顏色。藍色就很特別。起源於7世紀末。三彩器以其鮮艷的色彩、純淨的色調以及卓越的釉料附著力而聞名。
三彩技術是如何實現的？
三彩器的迷人視覺效果是通過兩步燒製過程實現的。第一次高溫燒製形成堅硬的陶胎；第二次在施釉後進行低溫燒製，使鮮豔的色彩得以展現。
托盤設計的來源是什麼？
此三彩托盤的形狀和圓形紋飾來源於金屬器物的樣式。在中國藝術中，從其他材質的藝術形式借用設計元素是常見的做法。
托盤的精美紋樣是如何製作的？
托盤上的花卉紋樣是用印模在柔軟的陶胎上壓印出深刻的陰線。此技術不僅營造出引人注目的立體效果，還能將釉料限制在設計區域內。
邊緣的白點有何意義？
托盤邊緣的珍珠狀白點是通過蠟或黏土防染技術製作的，這一技術借鑒自紡織品的染色工藝。防染材料阻止釉料附著於陶器表面，從而形成這些獨特的白點。
這件托盤的製作時間與地點是什麼時候？
此三彩托盤製作於中國唐代（618–907年），具體為8世紀。唐代是中國藝術與文化的黃金時代，三彩器是這一時期深受歡迎且備受追捧的產品。
托盤的來源如何？
此托盤原屬於美國紐約的夏洛特·C·韋伯（Charlotte C.）和約翰·C·韋伯（John C. Weber）收藏。1994年，該藏品被慷慨捐贈給紐約大都會藝術博物館。
托盤曾在哪些展覽中展出？
這件三彩托盤曾參加多個著名展覽，包括2005年於紐約大都會藝術博物館舉辦的《古代中國藝術》（Arts of Ancient China）展覽，以及2015年於日本美秀美術館舉辦的《紐約人眼中的世界——約翰·C·韋伯收藏》（A New Yorker's View of the World: The John C. Weber Collection）展覽。
Combinations of white, amber, and green glazes, typically known as sancai or “three-colored” wares, were first developed in China in the late seventh century, and were used primarily for funerary goods. The bright colors, clear tones, and superior bonding power of this technique were achieved by firing twice, first at high temperature to achieve a hard pottery body, and then at low temperature, after the glazes were applied, to bring out the vibrant colors. The shape and medallion decor of this tray were derived from metalwork prototypes. The deep, intaglio lines of the floral patterns, impressed onto the surface of the still-soft clay by stamps, helped to contain the glaze in the intended areas. The pearl-like white spots on the rim were created by the use of wax or clay resists, a technique commonly employed in dyed textiles.
Title: Tray
Period: Tang dynasty (618–907)
Date: 8th century
Culture: China
Medium: Earthenware with three-color (sancai) glaze
Dimensions: H. 2 3/4 in. (7 cm); Diam. 11 3/4 in. (29.8 cm)
Classification: Ceramics
Credit Line: Charlotte C. and John C. Weber Collection, Gift of Charlotte C. and John C. Weber, 1994
Object Number: 1994.605.47
Provenance
Charlotte C. and John C. Weber , New York (until 1994; donated to MMA)
Exhibition History
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Arts of Ancient China," 2005.
Miho Museum. "A New Yorker's View of the World: The John C. Weber Collection," September 15, 2015–December 13, 2015.
Reference
Miho Museum. Nyūyōkā ga miserareta bi no sekai: Jon shī Uebā korekushon ニューヨーカーが魅せられた美の世界 : ジョン・C・ウェバー・コレクション (A New Yorker's View of the World: The John C. Weber Collection). Exh. cat. [Kōka]: Miho Myūjiamu, 2015, pp. 70–71, 79.
FAQ: Tang Dynasty Sancai Tray
What is sancai?
Sancai, meaning "three-colored," refers to a type of Chinese pottery primarily used for funerary goods. It is characterized by its use of white, amber, and green glazes. Originating in the late 7th century, sancai ware was known for its vibrant colors, clear tones, and superior glaze adherence.
How was the sancai technique achieved?
The striking visual effects of sancai were achieved through a two-step firing process. The first firing at high temperatures created a hard pottery body. The second firing at lower temperatures, after applying the glazes, brought out the vibrant colors.
What are the origins of the tray's design?
The shape and medallion decoration of this sancai tray are derived from metalwork prototypes. This borrowing of design elements from other mediums was common in Chinese art.
What techniques were used to create the tray's intricate patterns?
The deep, intaglio lines of the floral patterns were impressed onto the soft clay using stamps. This technique not only created a visually appealing three-dimensional effect but also helped to contain the glaze within the desired areas.
What is the significance of the white spots on the rim?
The pearl-like white spots on the rim were created using wax or clay resists, a technique borrowed from textile dyeing. The resist material prevented the glaze from adhering to the clay in those specific areas, resulting in the distinctive white spots.
When and where was this tray created?
This sancai tray was created during the Tang dynasty (618–907) in China, specifically in the 8th century. The Tang dynasty was a golden age for Chinese art and culture, and sancai wares were a popular and highly sought-after product of this period.
What is the tray's provenance?
The tray was previously part of the Charlotte C. and John C. Weber collection in New York. In 1994, it was generously donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Where has the tray been exhibited?
The sancai tray has been featured in several notable exhibitions, including "Arts of Ancient China" at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 2005 and "A New Yorker's View of the World: The John C. Weber Collection" at the Miho Museum in Japan in 2015.
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